Harnai, in north-eastern Balochistan, is known for its coal mines, fruit orchards and the old railway through the Harnai pass. Mine operators, fruit growers, transporters and government employees are its main taxpayers.
Coal from the Harnai and Sharig Fields
Harnai's coal comes from small underground mines worked under provincial leases. Much of it travels by truck to brick kilns in Punjab and Sindh. The lease holder's accounts should show tonnage raised and sold, royalty paid to the province, wages and advances to miners, timber for props, explosives and the cost of trucks. Kiln owners and industrial buyers often withhold tax on purchases, and those deductions become credits when the lease holder files.
Labour Contractors and Mine Workers
Many mines are run through contractors who hire and pay the miners. The contractor's income is the difference between what the lease holder pays him and what he pays the workers, so his pay sheets matter.
Orchards in the Valley
Harnai's apples, apricots and pomegranates are sold in Quetta and down-country. Orchard owners selling their own fruit earn agricultural income. Traders who buy orchards before harvest and transport the fruit earn business income.
Transport on the Harnai Road
Truck owners carrying coal and fruit keep freight slips and fuel bills and claim the advance tax paid with their vehicle tax.
Government Employees
Teachers, levies and health staff have tax withheld from salary.
Services Tax
Services in Balochistan are taxed by the Balochistan Revenue Authority, not FBR.
Frequently Asked Questions
How is coal mine profit calculated?
Sales less royalty, labour, explosives, transport and lease costs.
Is fruit from my orchard taxable?
It is agricultural income.
Do coal buyers deduct tax?
Many do, and the deduction is claimed as credit.
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